UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KINERJA MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH MELALUI PELAKSANAAN SUPERVISI MANAJERIAL PENGAWAS SEKOLAH PADA SMP BINAAN DI KABUPATEN BLITAR SEMESTER 2 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of the principal's managerial performance through supervision of 4 fostered junior high schools in Blitar Regency in Semester 2 of the 2020/2021 Academic Year. The research conducted was a school action research in an effort to improve the managerial performance of school principals and was carried out in 4 fostered junior high schools, namely SMP Negeri 1 Panggungrejo, SMP Negeri 2 Panggungrejo, SMP Negeri One Roof Kaligambir and SMP PGRI Panggungrejo which are in the area of the Education Office of Blitar Regency Province. East Java. The research subjects were principals in the 4 junior high schools with a duration of 5 (five) months, from January to May 2021. The results obtained in the initial conditions there were no principals who were declared to have managerial performance in good criteria, in the first cycle increased to 2 principals (50.00%), and in the last cycle to 4 principals (100%). The average score of 50.59 in the Poor criteria increased to 69.74 in the Enough criteria and 90.20 in the Good criteria. Based on the initial conditions, cycle I to cycle II, it can be concluded that there has been an increase in the principal's managerial performance. The results of observations and assessments showed that there was a significant increase in the principal's managerial performance after the coaching activities with managerial supervision were carried out. managerial supervision carried out by school supervisors can improve the managerial performance of school principals in 4 fostered junior high schools in Blitar Regency, so that these results can be used as a reference for improving the managerial quality of principals.Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah Mengetahui peningkatan kinerja manajerial kepala sekolah melalui supervisi pada 4 SMP binaan di Kabupaten Blitar Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian tindakan sekolah dalam upaya meningkatkan kinerja manajerial kepala sekolah dan dilakukan pada 4 SMP binaan, yaitu SMP Negeri 1 Panggungrejo, SMP Negeri 2 Panggungrejo, SMP Negeri Satu Atap Kaligambir dan SMP PGRI Panggungrejo yang berada di wilayah Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Blitar Provinsi Jawa Timur. Subyek Penelitian adalah kepala sekolah di 4 SMP tersebut dengan durasi waktu penelitan selama 5 (lima) bulan, yaitu dari bulan Januari sampai dengan bulan Mei 2021. Hasil yang diperoleh pada kondisi awal tidak ada kepala sekolah yang dinyatakan memiliki kinerja manajerial dalam kriteria baik, pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 2 kepala sekolah (50,00%), dan pada siklus terakhir menjadi 4 Kepala sekolah (100%). Perolehan nilai rata-rata dari 50,59 dalam kriteria Kurang, meningkat menjadi 69,74 dalam kriteria Cukup dan 90,20 dalam kriteria Baik. Berdasarkan kondisi awal, siklus I sampai siklus II dapat disimpulkan bahwa telah terjadi peningkatan kinerja manajerial kepala sekolah. Hasil observasi dan penilaian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kinerja manajerial kepala sekolah secara signifikan setelah dilaksanakan kegiatan pembinaan dengan supervisi manajerial. supervisi manajerial yang dilakukan oleh pengawas sekolah dapat meningkatkan kinerja manajerial kepala sekolah pada 4 SMP binaan di Kabupaten Blitar, sehingga hasil tersebut dapat dijadikan referensi peningkatan mutu manajerial kepala sekolah

Implementasi Balanced Scorecard pada Unit Usaha Kecil Menengah: Studi Kasus sebuah Restoran di Jakarta

Increasing competition requires companies both large and small, to be more productive and innovative, therefore, companies need to be supported by an effective performance measurement system. In this research, the implementation of a balanced scorecard in SMEs engaged in the management of a restaurant, for a chance to be more superior and to compete amid the rapid development of the restaurant sector. Strategic map based on four perspective of Balanced Scorecard was defined, completed with agreement of strategic objective and measurement. This implementation give evidence that even with many limitations on SMEs, they have developed balanced scorecard, with adjustment based on condition for strategic objective performance indicator, so this performance measurement evaluation process is applicable and able to achieve the main objective, to provide information for continuous improvement process

Homotopic Path Planning on Manifolds for Cabled Mobile Robots

We present two path planning algorithms for mobile robots that are connected by cable to a fixed base. Our algorithms efficiently compute the shortest path and control strategy that lead the robot to the target location considering cable length and obstacle interactions. First, we focus on cable-obstacle collisions. We introduce and formally analyze algorithms that build and search an overlapped configuration space manifold. Next, we present an extension that considers cable-robot collisions. All algorithms are experimentally validated using a real robot

Basal insulin persistence, associated factors, and outcomes after treatment initiation among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the US

<p><b>Objective</b> To assess basal insulin persistence, associated factors, and economic outcomes for insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the US.</p> <p><b>Research design and methods</b> People aged ≥18 years diagnosed with T2DM initiating basal insulin between April 2006 and March 2012 (index date), no prior insulin use, and continuous insurance coverage for 6 months before (baseline) and 24 months after index date (follow-up period) were selected using de-identified administrative claims data in the US. Based on whether there were ≥30 day gaps in basal insulin use in the first year post-index, patients were classified as continuers (no gap), interrupters (≥1 prescription after gap), and discontinuers (no prescription after gap).</p> <p><b>Main outcome measures</b> Factors associated with persistence – assessed using multinomial logistic regression model; annual healthcare resource use and costs during follow-up period – compared separately between continuers and interrupters, and continuers and discontinuers.</p> <p><b>Results</b> Of the 19,110 people included in the sample (mean age: 59 years, ∼60% male), 20% continued to use basal insulin, 62% had ≥1 interruption, and 18% discontinued therapy in the year after initiation. Older age, multiple antihyperglycemic drug use, and injectable antihyperglycemic use during baseline were associated with significantly higher likelihoods of continuing basal insulin. Relative to interrupters and discontinuers, continuers had fewer emergency department visits, shorter hospital stays, and lower medical costs (continuers: $10,890, interrupters:$13,674, discontinuers: $13,021), but higher pharmacy costs (continuers:$7449, interrupters: $5239, discontinuers:$4857) in the first year post-index (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all comparisons). Total healthcare costs were similar across the three cohorts. Findings for the second year post-index were similar.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b> The majority of people in this study interrupted or discontinued basal insulin treatment in the year after initiation; and incurred higher medical resource use and costs than continuers. The findings are limited to the commercially insured population in the US. In addition, persistence patterns were assessed using administrative claims as opposed to actual medication-taking behavior and did not account for measures of glycemic control. Further research is needed to understand the reasons behind basal insulin persistence and the implications thereof, to help clinicians manage care for T2DM more effectively.</p